| Date (approx.) | Islamic Tradition — Quranic / Arabic name | Judeo-Christian Tradition — Hebrew / Greek name |
|---|---|---|
| Primordial / Pre-Flood Era | ||
| Pre-history | Adam (Adum) — Quran 2:31-37; first human | Adam — Gen 1-5; first man |
| Idris (Idrisu) — Quran 19:56-57; 21:85 | Enoch (Chanokh) — Gen 5:21-24; walked with God | |
| Nuh (Nuwh) — Quran 71; great flood Diff: Islam — local flood, family saved; one son (Kan'an) drowned. | Noah (Noach) — Gen 6-9; ark and flood Diff: Bible — global flood; all species preserved aboard the ark. | |
| Early Patriarchal Era (~2300–1900 BCE) | ||
| ~2300 BCE | Islamic onlyHud (Huwd) — to the people of 'Ad; Quran 7:65-72 | No direct parallel |
| ~2100 BCE | Islamic onlySalih (Suwalih) — to Thamud; Quran 7:73-79; the she-camel | No direct parallel |
| ~2000 BCE | Ibrahim (Ibrauhim) — Quran 2:124; rebuilt Kaaba with Ismail Diff: Ismail is the intended sacrifice; Kaaba association is Islamic only. | Abraham (Avraham) — Gen 12-25; covenant, father of nations Diff: Isaac is the intended sacrifice; no Kaaba tradition. |
| ~1950 BCE | Lut (Luwt) — Quran 7:80-84; Sodom and Gomorrah | Lot — Gen 13-19; nephew of Abraham |
| ~1900 BCE | Isma'il (Ismaui'yi) — Quran 19:54; ancestor of Arab peoples | Ishmael (Yishmael) — Gen 16-17; son of Abraham and Hagar |
| ~1890 BCE | Ishaq (Ishauq) — Quran 37:112; son of Abraham and Sarah | Isaac (Yitzchak) — Gen 21-27; father of Jacob |
| ~1850 BCE | Ya'qub (Ya'aqub) — Quran 2:132; also called Isra'il Diff: The Quran does not include an episode of wrestling with God. | Jacob / Israel (Yaakov) — Gen 25-50; father of the 12 tribes Diff: The Bible includes Jacob wrestling with God (Gen 32). |
| ~1800 BCE | Islamic onlyShu'ayb (Shu'ayb) — to Midian; Quran 7:85-93 | Jethro / Reuel — Exod 3:1, 18:1; Moses' father-in-law (probable parallel) |
| ~1800 BCE | Yusuf (Yuwsuf) — Quran 12 (entire surah dedicated) Diff: Yusuf is portrayed as morally blameless. Both share the pit, slavery in Egypt, and dream interpretation. | Joseph (Yosef) — Gen 37-50; coat of many colours Diff: The Bible shows more morally ambiguous moments. Both share the pit, slavery in Egypt, and dream interpretation. |
| Exodus Era (~1300–1200 BCE) | ||
| ~1300 BCE | Musa (Muwsa) — Quran 2:51; most-mentioned Quranic prophet Diff: Both share the burning bush, plagues, and parting of the sea. Islam holds the Torah was later corrupted. | Moses (Moshe) — Exod-Deut; Torah given at Sinai Diff: Both share the burning bush, plagues, and parting of the sea. Judaism/Christianity hold the Torah as unchanged. |
| ~1300 BCE | Harun (Haruwn) — Quran 19:53; brother and helper of Musa | Aaron (Aharon) — Exod 4-40; first high priest |
| ~1300 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyMiriam — Exod 15:20; prophetess, sister of Moses |
| ~1250 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyJoshua (Yehoshua) — Book of Joshua; led conquest of Canaan |
| Period of Judges (~1200–1050 BCE) | ||
| ~1200 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyDeborah — Judges 4-5; prophetess and judge |
| ~1150 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyGideon / Samson — Judges 6-16; judge-deliverers |
| ~1100 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlySamuel (Shemuel) — 1 Sam 1-25; last judge, first kingmaker |
| United Monarchy (~1050–930 BCE) | ||
| ~1050 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyGad — 1 Sam 22:5; prophet of David |
| ~1040 BCE | Dawud (Dawuwd) — Quran 38:17; given Zabur (Psalms) | David (Dawid) — 1-2 Sam; Psalms; king and prophet |
| ~1000 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyNathan — 2 Sam 7, 12; prophet to David |
| ~1000 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyAhijah of Shiloh — 1 Kings 11-14; foretold division of the kingdom |
| ~970 BCE | Sulayman (Sulayman) — Quran 27; commands jinn, birds and wind Diff: Quranic Solomon is sinless and commands supernatural forces. | Solomon (Shlomo) — 1 Kings 1-11; wisdom, temple builder Diff: Biblical Solomon falls into idolatry in old age (1 Kings 11). |
| Divided Monarchy (~930–720 BCE) | ||
| ~930 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyShemaiah — 1 Kings 12:22; prophet to Rehoboam |
| ~930 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyIddo the Seer — 2 Chron 9:29; chronicles of Solomon and Rehoboam |
| ~875 BCE | Ilyas (Ilyas) — Quran 6:85, 37:123; brief mention Diff: The Quranic mention is brief and does not describe an ascension. | Elijah (Eliyahu) — 1 Kings 17-19; chariot of fire, Mt Carmel Diff: The Bible gives an extensive narrative, including Elijah's ascent in a chariot of fire. |
| ~860 BCE | al-Yasa' (al-Yasa') Quran 6:86, 38:48; minimal narrative | Elisha — 2 Kings 2-13; successor to Elijah |
| ~850 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyMicaiah ben Imlah — 1 Kings 22; vision of heavenly council |
| ~850 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyJahaziel / Jehu ben Hanani — 2 Chron 20; 1 Kings 16 |
| ~800 BCE | Ayyub (Ayyuwb) — Quran 21:83-84; patience in suffering | Job (Iyov) — Book of Job; suffering and righteousness |
| ~780 BCE | Yunus (Yuwnus) Quran 10; swallowed by a great fish | Jonah (Yonah) — Book of Jonah; sent to Nineveh |
| ~760 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyAmos — Book of Amos; justice for the poor |
| ~750 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyHosea (Hoshea) — Book of Hosea; unfaithful Israel as wayward wife |
| ~740 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyIsaiah (Yeshayahu) — Book of Isaiah; suffering servant prophecies |
| ~735 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyMicah (Mikhah) — Book of Micah; Bethlehem prophecy |
| ~720 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyObadiah — Book of Obadiah; judgment on Edom |
| Late Monarchy & Exile (~700–520 BCE) | ||
| ~700 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyNahum — Book of Nahum; fall of Nineveh |
| ~640 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyHuldah — 2 Kings 22:14; prophetess; authenticated Deuteronomy |
| ~640 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyZephaniah (Tzefanyah) — Book of Zephaniah; Day of the Lord |
| ~627 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyJeremiah (Yirmeyahu) — Book of Jeremiah; weeping prophet |
| ~612 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyHabakkuk — Book of Habakkuk; theodicy and lament |
| ~600 BCE | Dhu al-Kifl (Dhuw al-Kifl) — Quran 21:85-86; identity debated | Ezekiel (Yechezkel) — most common scholarly identification |
| ~593 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyEzekiel (Yechezkel) — Book of Ezekiel; valley of dry bones vision |
| ~550 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyDaniel — Book of Daniel; visions and lions' den |
| Post-Exilic Era (~520–400 BCE) | ||
| ~520 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyHaggai — Book of Haggai; rebuild the Temple |
| ~519 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyZechariah (OT) — Book of Zechariah; apocalyptic visions |
| ~450 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyEzra / Nehemiah — Books of Ezra/Nehemiah; restoration of Torah |
| ~430 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyMalachi — Book of Malachi; last OT prophet; foretells Elijah's return |
| New Testament Era (~4 BCE – 100 CE) | ||
| ~4 BCE | Zakariyya (Zakariyyau) — Quran 19:2-15; father of Yahya Both: a miraculous son born to an elderly couple. Diff: Islamic hadith holds Zechariah was killed by his people. | Zechariah (NT) — Luke 1; father of John the Baptist Both: a miraculous son born to an elderly couple. The Bible does not record his death by his people. |
| ~4 BCE | Yahya (Yahyau) — Quran 3:39; prophet, son of Zakariyya Diff: Islamic accounts omit John baptising Jesus; both agree he was beheaded by Herod. | John the Baptist — Mark 1, Luke 3; baptised Jesus Diff: The NT describes John baptising Jesus; both agree he was beheaded by Herod. |
| ~4 BCE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyAnna the prophetess — Luke 2:36-38; recognised the infant Jesus in the Temple |
| ~4 BCE–33 CE | 'Isa ibn Maryam ('Isau) — Quran 3:45; prophet and messiah, virgin birth, not crucified Major divergence'Isa is a great prophet, born of the virgin Maryam, raised to God rather than crucified. Islam denies the Trinity and divine sonship. | Jesus of Nazareth (Yeshua) — NT; Son of God, crucified, resurrected Major divergenceJesus is the divine Son of God, crucified and bodily resurrected — the central claim of Christian faith. |
| ~30-65 CE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyAgabus — Acts 11:28, 21:10; NT prophet; predicted famine |
| ~30-65 CE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyBarnabas / Silas / Judas Barsabbas — Acts 13:1, 15:32; recognised as prophets |
| ~30-65 CE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyPhilip's four daughters — Acts 21:9; four prophetesses |
| ~50-65 CE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyPaul the Apostle — Acts, Epistles; apostle and prophet to the Gentiles |
| ~95 CE | — | Judeo-Christian onlyJohn of Patmos — Book of Revelation; apocalyptic prophet |
| Post-Biblical Era — Islamic Tradition Only | ||
| Islamic only Muhammad ibn 'Abdallah ﷺ 570–632 CE · Quran revealed 610–632 CE Khatam al-Nabiyyin — Seal and Final Prophet | Not in Jewish or Christian canon | |